William J. Usrey to Abraham Lincoln, 19 July 18581
MACON COUNTY REPUBLICAN CENTRAL COMMITTEE.
W. A. BARNES, Pres.[President] }
W. J. USREY, Sec’y.[Secretary]
Capt.[Captain] I. C. PUGH, }
Dr. H. C. JOHNS, Com.[Committee]
JOHN CALHOUN.
Secretary’s Office,
Hon A. LincolnDear Sir
in talking with an old Farmer, who is strong for a man by the name of Lincoln, he used the following language: “Douglas is taking Advantage of Lincoln, he gets his friends to give him, Receptions visits a place with a sort of Napoleon air, like that of a Conqueror; takes the field, Ostensibly to defend his course really to make votes for U.S.S. he takes the crowd in the day time, when he is through The trains carry off the Douglasites while Lincoln talks to Confirmed Republican, who hold over. Or in other words Douglas takes the first crowd & Lincoln the leavings”2 This is the substance of his Language, and contains a hint too good to be Lost. If Douglas desires to Canvass the State let him act the honorable part by agreeing to meet you in regular Debate, giving a fair opportunity to all to hear both sides–3

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You will please excuse this meddling with your Business. my only excuse is that your business in this particular case is mine also. It struck me at the time that I heard the remark alluded to— that Mr Douglas was rather getting the start of you,4 and that if you would make a proposition for a canvass immediately, you could stop the prestige of these triumphal entrys which he is making. You can have no excuse— nor can your friends— for giving you public Receptions– Mr Douglas has this excuse and will use it against you
Yours Resp[Respectfully]W. J. Usrey5

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[Envelope]
DECATUR Ill.[Illinois]
JUL[JULY] 19 1858
Hon A. Lincoln Esq[Esquire]SpringfieldIllinois
[ docketing ]
Ursery.6
1William J. Usrey wrote and signed this letter, including the address on the envelope.
2Abraham Lincoln had been nominated on June 16 at the 1858 Illinois Republican Convention to run against incumbent Stephen A. Douglas to represent Illinois in the U.S. Senate. Douglas returned home to Illinois following the close of a special session of the U.S. Senate, which ended on June 16, 1858. The unnamed farmer quoted by Usrey was apparently in part complaining that Douglas had been able to begin his campaign for the U.S. Senate on a stronger note than Lincoln because his supporters orchestrated receptions for him in his capacity as returning U.S. Senator which were campaign events in disguise. Republican newspapers also challenged the pretense that these were spontaneous receptions by Douglas’ grateful constituents and implied that Douglas was financing the events.
As this letter suggests, Lincoln followed Douglas closely during these early campaign events. Douglas was received with fanfare upon his arrival in Chicago, where he delivered a speech to his supporters on July 9. Lincoln, having attended Douglas’s speech, responded with one of his own the following day. Douglas next made appearances in Bloomington and Atlanta, Illinois, on July 16 and 17, with Lincoln attending both speeches, but declining calls to speak after Douglas. Also on July 17, Douglas gave a speech in a grove in Springfield, and Lincoln responded with a speech at the state house in Springfield later in the evening. In his Springfield speech Lincoln suggested that Douglas had an advantage over him not only because he was the incumbent senator, but because Democratic Party leaders were eager to hold marches, triumphal entries, and receptions in Douglas’ honor because they were also looking ahead to his potential candidacy in the presidential election of 1860. Illinois Republican leaders had encouraged Lincoln to follow Douglas to his receptions around the state in this manner, but following complaints by Douglas and other Democrats about this tactic, in early August, 1858 Lincoln declined further invitations to appear at Douglas’ scheduled events.
Daily Illinois State Journal (Springfield), 17 June 1858, 2:2-6; 9 July 1858, 2:1; 15 July 1858, 3:1; 21 July 1858, 2:1; Cong. Globe, 35th Congress, Special Sess., 3051-61 (1858); Chicago Daily Press and Tribune (IL), 7 July 1858, 2:1; 8 July 1858, 1:2; 10 July 1858, 2:1; Franklin William Scott, Newspapers and Periodicals of Illinois, 1814-1879, vol. 6 of Collections of the Illinois State Historical Library (Springfield: Illinois State Historical Library, 1910), 59-60, 321; Robert W. Johannsen, Stephen A. Douglas (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1997), 631, 662; The Lincoln Log: A Daily Chronology of the Life of Abraham Lincoln, 9 July 1858, https://www.thelincolnlog.org/Results.aspx?type=CalendarDay&day=1858-07-09; 10 July 1858, https://www.thelincolnlog.org/Results.aspx?type=CalendarDay&day=1858-07-10; 16 July 1858, https://www.thelincolnlog.org/Results.aspx?type=CalendarDay&day=1858-07-16; 17 July 1858, https://www.thelincolnlog.org/Results.aspx?type=CalendarDay&day=1858-07-17; Speech at Springfield, Illinois; Report of Speech at Springfield, Illinois; Report of Speech at Springfield, Illinois; Abraham Lincoln to Jediah F. Alexander; Abraham Lincoln to Joseph T. Eccles; Abraham Lincoln to Joseph Gillespie; Abraham Lincoln to Charles W. Michael and William Proctor.
3Soon after the date of this letter, Lincoln wrote Douglas on July 24, 1858, to propose a series of joint debates. Douglas responded the same day, suggesting debates at “one prominent point” in seven of the nine congressional districts in the state, excluding the second (Chicago) and sixth (Springfield) districts, where the two had already effectively debated via their July speeches in those locations described above. The Lincoln-Douglas Debates were held between August and October, 1858, in addition to individual campaign appearances by both candidates.
Abraham Lincoln to Stephen A. Douglas; Abraham Lincoln to Stephen A. Douglas; Stephen A. Douglas to Abraham Lincoln; Stephen A. Douglas to Abraham Lincoln; Abraham Lincoln to Stephen A. Douglas; Abraham Lincoln to Stephen A. Douglas; Abraham Lincoln to Stephen A. Douglas; George Fort Milton, “Lincoln-Douglas Debates,” Dictionary of American History, rev. ed. (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1976), 4:155-56; Michael Burlingame, Abraham Lincoln: A Life (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008), 1:466-85, 545.
4To “get the start” of someone is to have an advantage from starting first.
W. A. Craigie and Henry Bradley, eds., A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1919), 9:1:841.
5No response to this letter from Lincoln nor further correspondence between Lincoln and Usrey on the subject has been located.
6Lincoln wrote this docketing.

Autograph Letter Signed, 3 page(s), Abraham Lincoln Papers, Library of Congress (Washington, DC).