Martin S. Morris to Abraham Lincoln, 18 September 18581
Petersburg Ill Sept 18th 1858Friend LincolnIf there is any reliance to be placed in the papers which I read, you are certainly
making a verry successful electionerry tour through the state, and whether you are elected to the senate or not, you certainly have reason to congratulate your self and feel proud of the manifestations of confidence every where shown you by the people.2 I am aware that this arises partly from the fact of your being placed as our Standard
bearer in this great contest, there are other reasons ^also^ of a personal nature which have something to do with it
I have said and believed and still do ever since Douglas repealed the Mo. Com,3 that you would be his successor the first chance the people had to vote in matter,
that was a most rascally thing and I believed would and knew it ought to politically
damn him and all who had4 any thing to do with it, at least in the north, and I think the [seg?]a[l?] will prove that I was right at least for once
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yet I dont know but we have a right to thank Douglas for it was ^that^ which was the great moving cause which brought ours the great Republican party, in to being5But my object is not to write a dissertation on politicks knowing well that I could say nothing But6 which you already know, But merely to inform you by way of ading to the encouragement which I believe you are every where receiving, the good news, that you may calculate with a very great degree of certainty
^on^ a vote from from Menard & Cass This will be again and I dont think now there is any doubt about it. The bogus Democracy7 have got into a terible shape here about there candidate for Representative. They held a convention here some two weeks ago, and
nominated "Bill Engle". Miles was the oposing candidate and contended that he had not been fairly dealt with and swore he would
run any how.8 Engle was down the other day and he and Miles were trying to efect a compromise. Engles friends say
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that Miles made a proposition, which was that Engle was to back off the track and
let him have the field I dont know how that was at any rate Miles says Engle took time until to day to consider the matter and was to come down and let him know; instead of coming he
sent word that he guessed the people would have to settle for them at the poles[polls]. Miles sais that just suits him and that he doe’nt expect to be elected but that he he knows he can beat Englle, and is determined to do so. There is no mistake but he will remain on the tract. I don't think he cares so much about the office but there some of his own party
here Wright,9 [Reggie?],10 Rourke, and some others who are trying he sais to put him down, and he is to use his own language "hell bent they shant do it," we wish them Killkeny cat success.11J. W. Judy is our Candidate by general consent12he will unite the opposition and get the full voteHe is an old line Whig and was a Fillmore man in 56, but he is a Lincoln man which is all we care for.
We are glad that you have made an
Truly your friendMartin S. MorrisP S. Did you know that your old friend Short had returned from Cal.? he has just stept in to the shop whilst I am writing and tells me to say to you that he is still with
you in political sentiment as well as warm personal feeling and shall be happy to
take you by the hand on 29th13M S M<Page 4>
appointment to speak here, and will endeavor to get you a large crowd
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[Envelope]
[?] Ill.
20
SEP[SEPTEMBER]A. Lincoln, Esqr[Esquire]SpringfieldIlls14
20
SEP[SEPTEMBER]A. Lincoln, Esqr[Esquire]SpringfieldIlls14
1Martin S. Morris wrote and signed this letter. He also wrote the postscript at the
end of the letter, shown in the fourth image.
2Lincoln was running as the Illinois Republican Party’s candidate to replace Democratic incumbent Stephen A. Douglas in the U.S. Senate. Both he and Douglas traveled the
state throughout the summer and fall of 1858, delivering speeches in support of candidates
for the Illinois General Assembly in their respective parties and participating in the Lincoln-Douglas Debates. The local elections of 1858 were important to the senatorial race because members of the General Assembly voted for and elected the state’s representatives
in the U.S. Senate. See the 1858 Illinois Republican Convention.
Michael Burlingame, Abraham Lincoln: A Life (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008), 1:458; Allen C. Guelzo, “Houses
Divided: Lincoln, Douglas, and the Political Landscape of 1858,” The Journal of American History 94 (September 2007), 392, 394.
5The Republican Party was born in the political aftermath of the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska
Act. See the Republican Party.
7This is a reference to pro-Douglas Democrats. The Democratic Party fractured into
pro-James Buchanan and pro-Douglas factions after Douglas spoke out against the Lecompton Constitution in December 1857 and criticized President Buchanan for supporting it.
Michael Burlingame, Abraham Lincoln: A Life, 1:445.
8Pro-Douglas Democrats held a convention in Petersburg, Illinois, on September 4. The Illinois State Journal reported that, after the candidate that the delegates originally nominated for the
Illinois House of Representatives declined the nomination, George U. Miles stood and declared himself an independent
candidate for the office. Delegates to the convention then nominated William Engle
for the Illinois House seat instead, but Miles declared his intention to run nevertheless.
The Illinois State Journal (Springfield), 15 September 1858, 4:2.
9This is most likely a reference to Asa D. Wright, although there were other men with the surname Wright who also lived in Petersburg
at the time.
The History of Menard and Mason Counties, Illinois
(Chicago: O. L. Baskin, 1879), 294, 362.
11“To fight like Kilkenny cats” is an idiomatic expression meaning to fight “with unreasoning
ferocity.” The expression supposedly originated in a tale about two cats who fought
one another so ferociously that, by the end of their battle, only their tails remained.
James Dixon, Dixon’s Dictionary of Idiomatic English Phrases (Tokyo: Kyoyekishosha, 1887), 31.
12Republicans and former Whigs in Menard County, Illinois, met in Petersburg on September
13 and unanimously nominated James W. Judy as their candidate to represent Menard
and Cass counties in the Illinois House. Menard and Cass counties comprised the Thirty-Fourth
Illinois House District.
The Illinois State Journal (Springfield), 22 September 1858, 1:4, 7; John Clayton, comp., The Illinois Fact Book and Historical Almanac 1673-1968 (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1970), 220.
13Lincoln delivered a speech in Petersburg on October 29, 1858. The Daily Illinois State Journal described the audience as a “vast multitude”, but offered no estimate of the number
of spectators assembled.
No additional correspondence between Morris and Lincoln has been located for the remainder
of 1858. Morris previously wrote Lincoln a letter in May 1858.
In the local elections of 1858, voters in Illinois’s Thirty-Fourth House District
elected Engle to the Illinois House. In Illinois’s local elections as a whole, Republicans
won a majority of all votes cast in the state, but pro-Douglas Democrats retained
control of the Illinois General Assembly and Douglas ultimately won reelection to
the U.S. Senate. Engle cast his ballot for Douglas. Despite his loss, Lincoln’s participation
in the senate race—and in the Lincoln-Douglas Debates in particular—propelled him
to national prominence and helped him win the presidential contest of 1860.
The Lincoln Log: A Daily Chronology of the Life of Abraham Lincoln, 29 October 1858, https://www.thelincolnlog.org/Results.aspx?type=CalendarDay&day=1858-10-29; Summary of Speech at Petersburg, Illinois; Daily Illinois State Journal (Springfield), 1 November 1858, 2:3; 2 September 1858, 3:1; John Clayton, comp.,
The Illinois Fact Book and Historical Almanac 1673-1968, 222; Illinois House Journal. 1859. 21st G. A., 32; Michael Burlingame, Abraham Lincoln: A Life, 1:556-57; Allen C. Guelzo, “Houses Divided: Lincoln, Douglas, and the Political
Landscape of 1858,” 414.
14Morris wrote Lincoln’s name and address on the envelope for this letter, which is
shown in the fifth image.
Autograph Letter Signed, 5 page(s), Abraham Lincoln Papers, Library of Congress (Washington, DC).
.