Sydney Spring to Abraham Lincoln, 8 September 18581
Honble[Honorable] A LincolnDear SirNothing but my unwillingness to trespass on your valuable time, has prevented has prevented my earlier reply to your esteemed favor of June 19th as I wished to give some reliable account of our prospects in these two counties
White & Wabash, which I am truly happy to state are now most chearing–2 Wabash (by courtesy) is entitled to the nomination of the Candidate for next Legislature, but though they can easily carry their County with one of their own men— their desire
is for us to nominate a Filmore man reliable to support you for the US senate, & fully authrized me to put our friend Ferree on the track, when we found he was ineligible not having resided in this State for three years—3 our strongest man from the first is undoubtedly John E Whiting, our late Member, but he declined the nomination
When we found we could not have Ferree we used all our exertions to prevail on John to make the run & yesterday at the request of our Wabash friends I attended the circuit court in Carmi to try & make some definite arrangements, in which I am sorry to say we only
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partially succeeded, though eight or ten of us all good men & true from different
districts in White cornered John so close, he had to take untill Wabash Court the 20th inst to give his final answer, which we think will be an acceptance4Undoubtedly his sacrifices are considerable, as many ^say all^ of our old tried Virginia Whig friends the Webbs &c[etc.] in Carmi, are down on the Republicans, & as I find myself look very coolly on us.
They insist on identifying us with the Abolitionists in all their fanaticism, & this point should be largely dwelt on by yourself or "any
other hand you may send to enlighten us, as in Egypt there is little sympathy for the nigger, though a powerful hate to Democracy, still I can assure existing, more than I had an idea of & White was once pretty
equally divided–Whiting says he would require 200 majority in Wabash, which I fully considered myself from
the best information I can obtain authorized to promise I have no doubt but they will
when they see W. convince him of the correctness of my estimate, though I believe he will not require
more than 100 or 150 the number they gave him last election–5
They ^Democracy^ have had three conventions to nominate their candidate, & at their last convention on 1st inst in this place, the White Co[County] delegates still, after a most stormy meeting, persisted in
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their man J Powell, (present Sheriff & a strong man in White) the Wabash party swearing they would rather
vote for the blackest Republican in Ills6 The Lord keep & preserve them in their good intentions– They are split too all to
splinters in their nomination for Sheriff & we if we go about it right will elect
one.7 I am aware that Dr M Brown of Carmi has written to Mr Medill requiring material aid to carry on the campaign. I had doubts as to its his reliability i e whether he was not open to the highest bidder, but on confidential enquiry of an old friend
Mr Lamb of Carmi he assured me the Douglass party could not buy him & that his services in the canvass would be most valuable–8 This is for the consideration of the C.[Central] Committee, there are some warm Republicans here but in the way of the sinews of war
we can do little–
I am truly sorry to say my esteemed friend Ferree is so esteemed involved in his circumstances it is out of his power to give us the expected aid
in the present canvass we all so much desired— but being a very popular Methodist Preacher though unsuccessful farmer I fear instead of fighting the Devil ^Democracy one & the same^ on the Stump in Ills[Illinois] he will have to fight the Devil in Inda A loss to our society I shall very much deplore–
It is our wish that if Douglass as expected should visit this District, that you should
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meet ^him,^ if possible, or should he not come we think you could help us most, by addressing
the public in White Wabash Wayne & Edwards (all hopeful as in the two last the Democracy are split) just prior to the election
not publishing it openly but giving a few friends notice of the time & we would take
care that you should have an audience who I think would appreciate you especially
as I see Lovejoy did not receive a bushel of eggs in Cairo— but we ^(the Republicans)^ must be careful to make no display & go more on the old issues in Egypt9I am sorry to say our old friend E B Webb has been long dangerously sick with little probability of his recovery at present–10 His democracy sits very uneasy on him & is partly one of his ailments– My near
neighbour Sam Martin said publicly when Douglass first opposed Lecompton— he did it to gain Republican votes, but would miss it they would support Abe Lincoln he was ^a^ smart man & was honest–11 One time our Sam told the truth, though it would take Douglass or the Devil himself to out lie him politically, vid: when he repeatedly said he would vote for you rather than Douglass— but they have got him over though he can now ^do^ but little. When convenient I shall be happy to hear from you particularly if you
can point out anything I can do to assist the cause12
Devotedly yoursSydney Spring<Page 5>
I neglected to mention, that as we live off the line of Rail Roads, the nearest point
is Olney, & if you conclude to visit us say when you will be there & I will meet you with
a good buggy & a smart pair of Ponies, when we could make Albion Mt Carmel, Grayville, Carmi & Fairfield or any point you may select S. S.<Page 6>
[Envelope]
GRAYVILLE Ill.
SEP[SEPTEMBER] 9Honble A LincolnSpringfieldIllinois
SEP[SEPTEMBER] 9Honble A LincolnSpringfieldIllinois
2Abraham Lincoln was the Republican candidate from Illinois for the U.S. Senate. In the summer and fall of 1858, he crisscrossed Illinois delivering
speeches and campaigning on behalf of Republican candidates for the Illinois General Assembly. At this time the Illinois General Assembly elected the state’s representatives in
the U.S. Senate, thus the outcome of races for the Illinois House of Representatives and Illinois Senate were of importance to Lincoln’s campaign. He ran against, and lost to, Democrat Stephen A. Douglas, the incumbent. See 1858 Illinois Republican Convention; 1858 Federal Election.
Michael Burlingame, Abraham Lincoln: A Life (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008), 1:457-85, 557; Allen C. Guelzo,
“Houses Divided: Lincoln, Douglas, and the Political Landscape of 1858,” The Journal of American History 94 (September 2007), 392-99, 400-401.
3White and Wabash counties made up the Ninth District of the Illinois House of Representatives.
Republicans in the district nominated Morris (Maurice) B. Brown for the seat in the 1858 state elections. John G. Powell, the Democratic candidate, defeated Brown for the seat 622 to 391 in Wabash County
and 1,231 to 657 in White County.
Spring is referring to former members of the American Party, often referred to colloquially as "Fillmore Men" because the national party backed
Millard Fillmore in the presidential election of 1856. With the dissolution of the party following that election, former supporters of
Fillmore were up for grabs to both Republicans and Democrats.
Lincoln wrote Spring on June 19 recommending that James I. Ferree run for the Illinois General Assembly, stating that he would be difficult to beat
because he was unobjectionable. Ferree was from Carmi in White County, and at the
White County Republican convention on May 28, 1858, he was chosen as a member of a
central committee for the county. He was also selected to represent White County at
the 1858 Illinois Republican State Convention. There Ferree was among ten delegates
nominated for the office of state superintendent of public instruction. He received
three votes on the first ballot, and his name was dropped from succeeding ballots.
Newton Bateman won the nomination on the third ballot.
History of White County, Illinois (Chicago: Inter-State, 1883), 340; Daily Illinois State Journal (Springfield), 17 June 1858, 2:1, 4, 5; 3 November 1858, 2:2; ; The Weekly Chicago Times (IL), 11 November 1858, 2:5; Mount Carmel Register (IL), 19 November 1858, 2:1; Tyler Anbinder, Nativism & Slavery: The Northern Know Nothings & the Politics of the 1850s (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992), 246-78; Stephen Hansen and Paul Nygard,
“Stephen A. Douglas, the Know-Nothings, and the Democratic Party in Illinois, 1854-1858,”
Illinois Historical Journal 87 (Summer 1994), 123-29; Chicago Daily Tribune (IL), 7 June 1858, 2:2.
4White County Circuit Court, held in Carmi, met on the first Monday of September, which was September 6. Wabash County Circuit Court, held in Mt. Carmel, met on the second Monday of September, which was September 13,
not September 20.
John E. Whiting never agreed to run, and Republicans in the Ninth District ultimately nominated Morris
B. Brown.
“An Act to Change the Times of Holding Courts in the Twelfth Judicial Circuit,” 16
February 1857, Laws of Illinois (1857), 26; Combined History of Edwards, Lawrence and Wabash Counties, Illinois (Philadelphia: J. L. McDonough, 1883), 236; Daily Illinois State Journal (Springfield), 3 November 1858, 2:2.
5“Egypt” was a popular nickname for southern Illinois and a particular stronghold of
the Democratic Party. In 1858, Lincoln visited Egypt at least eight times.
George W. Smith, When Lincoln Came to Egypt (Carbondale: University of Southern Illinois Press, 2016), xvii, 46-47.
6Wabash County Democrats who supported Douglas held a district convention in Mt. Carmel
on August 16 and resolved to hold a joint meeting with fellow Douglas Democrats in
Grayville on September 1.
Mount Carmel Register (IL), 20 August 1858, 2:4.
7Five persons vied for sheriff in White County in 1858--two Democrats, one quasi-Republican,
one unaffiliated candidate, and one representing the American Party. Democrat Thomas
W. Stone won the election .
History of White County, Illinois, 340.
9Wayne and Edwards counties belonged to the Twentieth Illinois Senate District, where
Democrat Silas L. Bryan of Marion County held over from being elected in 1856. Wayne and Edwards also comprised the Tenth
Illinois House District, won by Democrat Robert T. Forth of Wayne County.
There is no evidence that either Lincoln or Douglas visited White, Wabash, Wayne,
or Edwards County after this letter was written and prior to the 1858 election.
Chicago Daily Press and Tribune (IL), 13 September 1858, 2:1; 5 November 1858, 1:3; The Salem Advocate (IL), 8 September 1858, 2:2; Allen C. Guelzo, “Houses Divided: Lincoln, Douglas,
and the Political Landscape of 1858,” 392-93, 404-8; John Clayton, comp., The Illinois Fact Book and Historical Almanac 1673-1968 (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1970), 219, 221, 222; Daily Illinois State Journal (Springfield), 4 November 1858, 3:2.
11Douglas spoke out against the Lecompton Constitution in December 1857 and criticized President James Buchanan for supporting it. Some Republicans were excited by Douglas’ actions and considered
supporting his bid for reelection to the U.S. Senate in the 1858 Federal Election.
Although he later denied it, Douglas actively courted Republican support in order
to bolster his chances for reelection. Lincoln and other Republicans were concerned
by this and urged fellow party members to remain loyal in the upcoming local and federal
elections.
See Bleeding Kansas.
Michael Burlingame, Abraham Lincoln: A Life, 1:445-48.
Autograph Letter Signed, 6 page(s), Abraham Lincoln Papers, Library of Congress (Washington, DC).